Improved wharf, pier, and warehouse combined



NITED :STATES IMPRovEn WHARF, PIER, AND WAREHOUSE CometNED.,` a

Specification forming part ot Letters Patent No. 49,475, dated August l5, 1865.

To all whom it may concern t Be it'kuown that I, J. Bunnows HYDE, of Newark,in the countyof Essex and State ofNeW Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combining Wharves, Piers, and Warehouses; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of `reference thereon. y a My improvements in combining wharves, piers, and warehouses are particularly designed forfuse insnch places as the harbor and shores of New York and similar localities, where the water-way is contracted, and into which wharf-piers are projected from the shore, alongside otfwhich piers vessels `aremoored for loading and unloading goods, when such goods are usually exposed to rain and other damage, and Where grounds for store-houses are very costly and more or less remote from the vessel, involving great expense and delay in cartage, storage, and labor, and where, as is too well known, a great proportion of the losses by tire, as in New York, arises from the destruction of such goods or storage where the y lires have not originated in the store-houses,

but in adjacent buildings. y l v In the harbor of New York it has hitherto been the practice to form a wharf-face of `timv ber, from which piers, are projected into the Water-way and Constructed invvood trestle` i "work, and planked over `for the landing of goods, `which are there exposed to dam ageat all seasons. Temporary eoverin gs of cloth or tary paulinsare, however, used to shelter some kinds of merchandise, but at great `costforhire, amounting `annually to upward ot.$1f00,000, paid to parties owning the same, such shelterF` ing being a special branch of business. y those pi-ers,wl1en the weather permits, the goods are taken by cartmen to the warehouses, or the rooms where the goods are intended `for ship` ment. It is perhaps unnecessaryto state that all such wooden structures decay rapidly above l Water by the teredo, from which causes, at some time when thepier is loaded with goods,

` to describe those three systems to more clearly From y v tending along andnpon Water, and are `often sooner destroyed below` PATENT OFFICE. i `Y J. B. HYDE, OF NEWARKfNhEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NEW YORK PIER,I AND WAREHOUSE COMPANY, OF NEW "YORK CITY. y y

the structure gives way, causing great lossen damage to the submerged property. This tres, tlc-Work greatly impedes thevvaterfow, which furthermore causes `the sl'mcesunderand"bey :tween the piers `to become the depository-ies` 0f l mud, which is removed with ditculty from be- `tween the piers,`and at great expense,`\\`j`hile i cannot be taken ataIl from beneath them There it gradually accumulates untilconstant dredging `becomes ne ssary, `from the mlud which slips down from neztth thewvoodwork into the deepened s'lnice for the oating ship if, indeed, they tloat atalljatlow,tide. To obviate some of these diicu'ltes various" plans have been submittedifrom timetotime. One (by agentletnan when mayor ot' the cit was to erect a wall ot' masonry] the shore-face, forming dark basi Y i' ends. Anotherandmorerecentplanis structstrong-abutments ot' masonryatthe o er ends ofthepiers,withintermediatestonestruct` ures for supports atproperintervals throne outthe length ofthepic `To boththos p thereisacommonobjection.` Themasonr impede the water-owstill more than t tlc-work, and by slacking the currentil the mud-deposits, as now. I have thought best show my combined improvementsgwhicb couisist in construetin g a permanent lineal faceor sea-wall ot' masonryalo" the shore, through which the scwagedrains y, debouchfto t water, and from which wall `lronpiersfarepr jected, andso constructed as toleave afree current for the tideway entirelyunder thepiers and up to the xvall it l dredging such mud `and I further construe wall and pier. aperman y y y U a a t rieefrlsheltering goods on the cartx` thepier,`and als y for receiving and delivering all goods withs 'e ty, convenience, and-.ec norny,at thesame time .that thepier is `further employedfor the war` "houseto receive `and deliver goods eitherfrom and to the cartwa below ortfroml andto the vessel outside the pier, the orage i suehware the piers are constructed continuously around `the shore.

A shows the face-wall or wharf, B the iron pier, and C the warehouse.

a shows the pier support or pillars of iron pipes filled with concrete-cement. These pipes may be coated with zinc or other proper preparation to impede the oxidation of the iron, and are placed as far asunder as possible for the weight they will have to bear, and all on the utmost space for the water-way. Upon the tops ot' those pillars a, iro'n arches e are sprung lineally and transversely, for carrying the horizontal bearings c for the wooden planking or door otl the pier. Upon the pier I construct iron pillars d, from the tops of which lineal and transverse arches e are thrown, for holding the warehouse C, which I construct of iron; but insome cases wooden buildings may bechosen. This building I make narrower, and at the outer end shorter than the surface of thepier, so as to allow a space of', say, not less than ve feet outside the building on .the three sides, while the rooff may be made of corresponding Width of the pier, as shown at g.

At proper intervals between and correspondF ing with the doorways 7L, I arrange swinging hoisting-cranes t', secured to the building. These cranes should be constructed with some common hoisting-power placed within or beneath the building, so that the cranes may be swung in or out and receive and deliver goods from and to the vessels, and also from and to the cartwayor the warehouse, through the instrumentalityot'properrunninghoisting-ropes, as usual.

Within the floors of the warehous y Y Ways or scuttles are constructed forlioisting and lowering goods to or from the carts or 'the pier-floor. The hoisting and lowering gear should be actuated by the same power as for thecranes.

What I 'claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A structure embodying the following features in combination: a wharf or pier projecting into the water-way-from the bulk-head or line of the shore, and built upon columns of metalic tubes that are tilled in with concrete or masonry, or columns ot masonry, 'such columns being so placed as to permit a free flow of the water-currents underneath the whole pier between the columns, and also along the facewall of the bulk-head, to the opposite sides of which pier vessels can he moored to discharge or to receive their cargoes; a warehouse for receiving, storing, and delivering goods, and built upon columns restingon the pier or Wharf to form a carriage-way between the wharf and the warehouse for the free passage of carts and drays to and from the ships; an d the warehouse for the receipt and delivery o't' merchandise from or to the ships at the wharf or the warehouses, as above described.

2. In combination with the structure having the combined features above claimed, the employment of cranes and hoisting apparatus permanently constructed with the warehouse,

and so located that they can be' used to transfer goods from ships to the warehouse or wharf, or from the warehouse or wharf` to the ships, substantially as described.

J. Buenows HYDE.

Witnesses: l y

J AMEs M. BLAGKWELL, THoMAs PATTON.

nach! 

